By 1939, the fraternity had grown into a national organization. One year later, both Beta Chapter at Howard University and Gamma Chapter at Virginia Union University were founded. These young black men, known on campus as “the jewels” eventually formed the first black Greek letter college organization and Alpha Phi Alpha was born - becoming the model for other fraternal societies to follow. Annie provided maternal support and hot meals. Soon, Robert had invited six other young black male students to join him at the Singleton house to create a literary society. She decided to rent an upper bedroom of her home to a young man from Washington, D.C.
Annie Singleton viewed this policy as discriminatory and just plain wrong. And so, although there were a small number of black students studying at Cornell, they were not allowed to live on campus. It had been only 41 years since Lincoln’s signing of the Emancipation Proclamation ending slavery. The marches and protests and federal legislation of future generations were only a distant dream. They bought a house at 411 East State Street in Ithaca, New York, located at the foot of the hill of the Cornell University campus.īy 1906, the civil rights movement in America was in its infancy.
In 1904, Annie married Archie Singleton and the couple moved north as many African Americans were doing then in search of greater freedom and equality. Her father, who was born a slave, was from Louisiana her mother from South Carolina. Annie Nixon was born in Alabama in 1872, seven years after the end of the Civil War.
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